On Our Tabernacle:
A Learning Opportunity
In the wake of our appeal for donations to secure a new tabernacle, I admit we have not pleased everyone with the process. As we know it is not always possible, or realistic, to please everyone. I apologize for that; however, the reality is our existing glass tabernacle has been broken for several months. We have spent money and time to repair it; unfortunately, it is no longer able to be locked. Since then, we have been using a movable tabernacle which is not safe.
However, I do see a bright side to this situation which is two-fold:
- First, we have an opportunity to acquire a tabernacle that complies with the theology, spirituality, and instruction of Vatican II.
- Secondly and more importantly, I believe it presents an opportunity for learning about what a tabernacle is, its history, purpose, and how we use it.
A tabernacle is “a container or cupboard in the church in which eucharistic bread is reserved. The box is secured and stationary; its door is locked with a key. The tabernacle holds bread primarily for the purpose of Viaticum (Holy Communion) for the dying and secondarily for Communion outside Mass and for adoration and devotion” (see R. McBrien, ed. Encyclopedia of Catholicism, s.v. “Tabernacle”).
The use of tabernacles became a popular practice in the Church after the Lateran IV Council in the thirteenth century. The Church at this time had adopted the doctrine of Transubstantiation and the Real Presence. Hundreds of years after, in the sixteenth century, the Council of Trent reaffirmed the teaching that Christ is substantially present (body and blood) in the Eucharistic accidentals of bread and wine. Thus emerged, the practice of building tabernacles into high altars of the Church, the priest facing it at Mass with his back to the people.
In 1965, the Vatican II Council changed the practice of building tabernacles into high altars. Churches before this time retained the tabernacle in the high altars but also created another altar for Mass to enable the priest to face the people. Below is Vatican II’s instruction specifically about “Tabernacles”. This topic is also discussed under “Reservation of the Blessed Sacrament.”
Reservation of the Blessed Sacrament
276. It is strongly recommended that the Blessed Sacrament be reserved in a special chapel well situated for private adoration and prayer, apart from the nave. But if the plan of the church or legitimate local custom impedes this, then the Sacrament should be kept on an altar or elsewhere in the church in a place of honor suitably adorned.
277. The Blessed Sacrament is to be reserved in only one tabernacle which is immovable and made of solid and non-transparent material and which can be closed in a way that gives the greatest possible security against the danger of profanation. For this reason, there should normally be only one tabernacle in each church [GIRM X, nos. 276-277; Vatican Council II, Vol. 1, The Conciliar and Post Conciliar Documents, ed. Austin Flannery (Newport, NY: Costello Publishing Co., 1975), 193-194.]
Vatican II’s theology is that Christ is substantially and really present in varied ways at the celebration of the Eucharist, the bread and wine, the altar, the cross, the presider (even other ministers), the word of God, and the gathered community, “people of God.” Hence, the tabernacle is not part of the communal worship; instead, it is used to keep the reserved Eucharist which is brought to the sick and dying. Privately, individuals honor and reverence Christ’s presence in the tabernacle in a chapel, but this is not public worship. Vatican II’s vision is that, outside the Mass, people should look for Christ in one another since they have received Christ at Mass.
Remember, we become the bread we eat – Christ – and nourishment for the life of the world. Outside Mass, we are to find Christ in the community of human persons with whom we live rather than in the tabernacle. The tabernacle is not a “show-room” for people to observe Christ; a different vessel called a “monstrance” was introduced for showing Christ in Eucharist for communal and private adoration.
As a Vatican II Church, Saint Charles Borromeo follows the new pastoral practice of keeping the tabernacle in a chapel: “Each church is to have one tabernacle, preferably located in a chapel separate and distinct from the body of the church…Placed on a pedestal, pillar, or column, or in a recessed wall niche. The form of the tabernacle should be solid and unbreakable, dignified and appropriately ornamented, always mindful of the function of eucharistic reservation”. (GIRM X).
We have begun to witness vandalism on our parish premises, which heightens our need to secure all items on our property. Thus, the time has come for us to heed Vatican II’s recommendation and have a tabernacle for which we no longer need dispensation, that is fully secure and solid enough to withstand any vandalism or profanation.
The new “Chalice and Host” tabernacle from Tonini’s fulfils all the security and theological requirements. We are grateful to all parishioners who have responded by donating to the new home for the Blessed Sacrament for the sick. Thanks to your generosity we have raised, to date, $11,200 towards the goal of $17,500. May our relationship with God in Christ and neighbors be strengthened in our faith practices.
Fr. Kwame